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Images of 'Gravitational Field' found, 56

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Binary pulsar and gravitational waves - Artist's impression of the pulsar PSR J0348+0432 and its white dwarf companion - Artist's view of a gravitational wave generated by a system of a neutron star associated with a white dwarf, spreading on the fabric of space - time. This artist's impression shows the exotic double object that consists of a tiny, but very heavy neutron star that spins 25 times each second, orbited every two and a half hours by a white dwarf star. The neutron star is a pulsar named PSR J0348+0432 that is giving off radio waves that can be picked up on Earth by radio telescopes. Although this unusual pair is very interesting in its own right it is also a unique laboratory for testing the limits of physical theories. This system is radiating gravitational radiation, ripples in spacetime. Although these waves cannot be detected directly by astronomers on Earth they can be detected indirectly by measuring the change in the orbit of the system as it loses energy. As the p

Binary pulsar and gravitational waves - Artist's impression of the pulsar PSR J0348+0432 and its white dwarf companion - Artist's view of a gravitational wave generated by a system of a neutron star associated with a white dwarf, spreading on the fabric of space - time. This artist's impression shows the exotic double object that consists of a tiny, but very heavy neutron star that spins 25 times each second, orbited every two and a half hours by a white dwarf star. The neutron star is a pulsar named PSR J0348+0432 that is giving off radio waves that can be picked up on Earth by radio telescopes. Although this unusual pair is very interesting in its own right it is also a unique laboratory for testing the limits of physical theories. This system is radiating gravitational radiation, ripples in spacetime. Although these waves cannot be detected directly by astronomers on Earth they can be detected indirectly by measuring the change in the orbit of the system as it loses energy. As the p

PIX4572892

Binary pulsar and gravitational waves - Binary pulsar and gravitational waves - Artist's view of a gravitational wave generated by a system of two stars a neutron, spreading over the fabric of space - time

Binary pulsar and gravitational waves - Binary pulsar and gravitational waves - Artist's view of a gravitational wave generated by a system of two stars a neutron, spreading over the fabric of space - time

L. Bret

PIX4572860

Colliding neutron stars and gravitational waves - Colliding neutron stars and gravitational waves: Artist's view of a gravitational wave generated by a system of two neutron stars in collision, spreading over the space-time fabric. Artist's impression of two neutron stars - the compact remnants of what were once massive stars - spiralling towards each other just before merging. The collision of these dense, compact objects produced gravitational waves - fluctuations in the fabric of spacetime - that were detected by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration on 17 August 2017. A couple of seconds after that, ESA's Integral and Nasa's Fermi satellites detected a burst of gamma rays, the luminous counterpart to the gravitational waves emitted by the cosmic clash. This is the first discovery of gravitational waves and light coming from the same source

Colliding neutron stars and gravitational waves - Colliding neutron stars and gravitational waves: Artist's view of a gravitational wave generated by a system of two neutron stars in collision, spreading over the space-time fabric. Artist's impression of two neutron stars - the compact remnants of what were once massive stars - spiralling towards each other just before merging. The collision of these dense, compact objects produced gravitational waves - fluctuations in the fabric of spacetime - that were detected by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration on 17 August 2017. A couple of seconds after that, ESA's Integral and Nasa's Fermi satellites detected a burst of gamma rays, the luminous counterpart to the gravitational waves emitted by the cosmic clash. This is the first discovery of gravitational waves and light coming from the same source

PIX4607575

Colliding neutron stars and gravitational waves - Colliding neutron stars and gravitational waves: Artist's view of two colliding neutron stars about to merge and explode in kilonova. This type of event produces gravitational waves and a gamma ray burst. This artist's impression shows two tiny but very dense neutron stars at the point at which they merge and explode as a kilonova. Such a very rare event is expected to produce both gravitational waves and a short gamma-ray burst, both of which were observed on 17 August 2017 by LIGO-Virgo and Fermi/INTEGRAL respectively. Subsequent detailed observations with many ESO telescopes confirmed that this object, seen in the galaxy NGC 4993 about 130 million light-years from the Earth, is indeed a kilonova. Such objects are the main source of very heavy chemical elements, such as gold and platinum, in the Universe

Colliding neutron stars and gravitational waves - Colliding neutron stars and gravitational waves: Artist's view of two colliding neutron stars about to merge and explode in kilonova. This type of event produces gravitational waves and a gamma ray burst. This artist's impression shows two tiny but very dense neutron stars at the point at which they merge and explode as a kilonova. Such a very rare event is expected to produce both gravitational waves and a short gamma-ray burst, both of which were observed on 17 August 2017 by LIGO-Virgo and Fermi/INTEGRAL respectively. Subsequent detailed observations with many ESO telescopes confirmed that this object, seen in the galaxy NGC 4993 about 130 million light-years from the Earth, is indeed a kilonova. Such objects are the main source of very heavy chemical elements, such as gold and platinum, in the Universe

PIX4607586

Field of distant galaxies - Distant galaxies - Image of distant galaxies obtained by the Hubble space telescope in the furnace constellation. 7500 galaxies, some of which are more than 13 billion years old - light are visible on this image. Some closer galaxies also appear. This image covers a field equivalent to one third of a full moon. This image, taken by Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope, was made from mosaics taken in September and October 2009 with the newly installed Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) and in 2004 with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The view covers a portion of the southern field of a large galaxy census called the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS), a deep - sky study by several observatories to trace the formation and evolution of galaxies. The final image combines a broad range of colors, from the ultraviolet, through visible light, and into the near - infrared. The image reveals galaxy shapes that appear increasingly chaotic at each earlier epoch, a

Field of distant galaxies - Distant galaxies - Image of distant galaxies obtained by the Hubble space telescope in the furnace constellation. 7500 galaxies, some of which are more than 13 billion years old - light are visible on this image. Some closer galaxies also appear. This image covers a field equivalent to one third of a full moon. This image, taken by Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope, was made from mosaics taken in September and October 2009 with the newly installed Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) and in 2004 with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The view covers a portion of the southern field of a large galaxy census called the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS), a deep - sky study by several observatories to trace the formation and evolution of galaxies. The final image combines a broad range of colors, from the ultraviolet, through visible light, and into the near - infrared. The image reveals galaxy shapes that appear increasingly chaotic at each earlier epoch, a

PIX4613824

Binary pulsar and gravitational waves - Artist's impression of the pulsar PSR J0348+0432 and its white dwarf companion - Artist's view of a gravitational wave generated by a system of a neutron star associated with a white dwarf, spreading on the fabric of space - time. This artist's impression shows the exotic double object that consists of a tiny, but very heavy neutron star that spins 25 times each second, orbited every two and a half hours by a white dwarf star. The neutron star is a pulsar named PSR J0348+0432 that is giving off radio waves that can be picked up on Earth by radio telescopes. Although this unusual pair is very interesting in its own right, it is also a unique laboratory for testing the limits of physical theories. This system is radiating gravitational radiation, ripples in spacetime. Although these waves (shown as the grid in this picture) cannot be yet detected directly by astronomers on Earth they can be sensed indirectly by measuring the change in the orbit of

Binary pulsar and gravitational waves - Artist's impression of the pulsar PSR J0348+0432 and its white dwarf companion - Artist's view of a gravitational wave generated by a system of a neutron star associated with a white dwarf, spreading on the fabric of space - time. This artist's impression shows the exotic double object that consists of a tiny, but very heavy neutron star that spins 25 times each second, orbited every two and a half hours by a white dwarf star. The neutron star is a pulsar named PSR J0348+0432 that is giving off radio waves that can be picked up on Earth by radio telescopes. Although this unusual pair is very interesting in its own right, it is also a unique laboratory for testing the limits of physical theories. This system is radiating gravitational radiation, ripples in spacetime. Although these waves (shown as the grid in this picture) cannot be yet detected directly by astronomers on Earth they can be sensed indirectly by measuring the change in the orbit of

PIX4572795

Gravitational Waves - Gravitational Waves: Two colliding neutron stars create a gravitational wave that spreads over the space-time fabric. Artist's impression of two neutron stars - the compact remnants of what were once massive stars - spiralling towards each other just before merging. The collision of these dense, compact objects produced gravitational waves - fluctuations in the fabric of spacetime - that were detected by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration on 17 August 2017.

Gravitational Waves - Gravitational Waves: Two colliding neutron stars create a gravitational wave that spreads over the space-time fabric. Artist's impression of two neutron stars - the compact remnants of what were once massive stars - spiralling towards each other just before merging. The collision of these dense, compact objects produced gravitational waves - fluctuations in the fabric of spacetime - that were detected by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration on 17 August 2017.

Dixon, Don (b.1951)

PIX4607592

Model of a comet's path bent by gravitational influence of the Sun

Model of a comet's path bent by gravitational influence of the Sun

UDK844887

General relativity, deflection of light due to Sun's gravitational field, astronomy diagram

General relativity, deflection of light due to Sun's gravitational field, astronomy diagram

DGA572701

Detection of an exoplanet by microlens effect - Detection of an exoplanet: Gravitational microlensing - On the left, the observation of a distant star whose light is diluted. On the right, the light of this star is amplified by gravitational lens effect. The gravitational lens effect occurs when the gravitational field of a star acts as a magnifying glass by amplifying the light emitted by a farther star. This amplification is measurable, and when the foreground star is accompanied by a planet, a second peak of intensity in the life rays appears more weakly. Illustration showing at left the observation of faint light emitted by a distant star, at right, the light of the same star magnified by a gravitational lens. Microlensing occurs when the gravitational field of a star acts like a lens, magnifying the light of a distant background star. Possible planets orbiting the foreground star can cause detectable anomalies in the lensing event light curve

Detection of an exoplanet by microlens effect - Detection of an exoplanet: Gravitational microlensing - On the left, the observation of a distant star whose light is diluted. On the right, the light of this star is amplified by gravitational lens effect. The gravitational lens effect occurs when the gravitational field of a star acts as a magnifying glass by amplifying the light emitted by a farther star. This amplification is measurable, and when the foreground star is accompanied by a planet, a second peak of intensity in the life rays appears more weakly. Illustration showing at left the observation of faint light emitted by a distant star, at right, the light of the same star magnified by a gravitational lens. Microlensing occurs when the gravitational field of a star acts like a lens, magnifying the light of a distant background star. Possible planets orbiting the foreground star can cause detectable anomalies in the lensing event light curve

PIX4573970

Galaxy cluster SDSS J1004+4112 - Galaxy Cluster SDSS J1004+4112 - View of the cluster of SDSS J1004+4112 by the Hubble space telescope; located in the Little Lion about 7 billion years ago - light, this cluster reveals us by a gravitational mirage effect, the deformed image of a quasar, located behind the cluster has a distance of 10 billion years - light. The most unique feature in a new image taken with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope is a group of five quasar images produced by a process called gravitational lensing, in which the gravitational field of a massive object - in this case, a cluster of galaxies - bends and amplifies light from an object - in this case, a quasar farther behind it. The background quasar is the brilliant core of a galaxy. It is powered by a black hole, which is devouring gas and dust and creating a gusher of light in the process. When the quasar's light passes through the gravity field of the galaxy cluster that lies between us and the quasar, the light

Galaxy cluster SDSS J1004+4112 - Galaxy Cluster SDSS J1004+4112 - View of the cluster of SDSS J1004+4112 by the Hubble space telescope; located in the Little Lion about 7 billion years ago - light, this cluster reveals us by a gravitational mirage effect, the deformed image of a quasar, located behind the cluster has a distance of 10 billion years - light. The most unique feature in a new image taken with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope is a group of five quasar images produced by a process called gravitational lensing, in which the gravitational field of a massive object - in this case, a cluster of galaxies - bends and amplifies light from an object - in this case, a quasar farther behind it. The background quasar is the brilliant core of a galaxy. It is powered by a black hole, which is devouring gas and dust and creating a gusher of light in the process. When the quasar's light passes through the gravity field of the galaxy cluster that lies between us and the quasar, the light

PIX4565683

Galaxy Clusters Abell 1689 - details - Gravitational lenses in Abell 1689 galaxy cluster - Close-up of the various gravitational mirages observed in the Abell 1689 galaxy cluster. Near infrared and visible image obtained by the Hubble space telescope in June 2002. 13 hours of installation. A selection of cropped images from a NASA Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys view of one of the most massive galaxy clusters known, called Abell 1689. These close - ups show “” lensed”” images of background galaxies that have been brightened and smeared by the gravitational bending of light by the foreground cluster. The yellow - white objects are the cluster galaxies located 2.2 billion light - years away. The blue arcs are the distorted images of background galaxies located billions of light - years farther away than Abell 1689. The distribution of both “” normal”” and dark matter, and the alignment of the background galaxies determine the amount of distortion. In a perfectly aligne

Galaxy Clusters Abell 1689 - details - Gravitational lenses in Abell 1689 galaxy cluster - Close-up of the various gravitational mirages observed in the Abell 1689 galaxy cluster. Near infrared and visible image obtained by the Hubble space telescope in June 2002. 13 hours of installation. A selection of cropped images from a NASA Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys view of one of the most massive galaxy clusters known, called Abell 1689. These close - ups show “” lensed”” images of background galaxies that have been brightened and smeared by the gravitational bending of light by the foreground cluster. The yellow - white objects are the cluster galaxies located 2.2 billion light - years away. The blue arcs are the distorted images of background galaxies located billions of light - years farther away than Abell 1689. The distribution of both “” normal”” and dark matter, and the alignment of the background galaxies determine the amount of distortion. In a perfectly aligne

PIX4565586

Galaxies clusters Abell 370 - Abell 370 cluster of galaxies with gravitational arcs - This cluster of galaxies is located about 5 billion years away from Earth. This image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope on July 16, 2009 shows gravitational arcs among galaxies. These mirages are deformed images of farther galaxies located behind the cluster. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope's newly repaired Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) has peered across almost five billion light - years to resolve intricate details in the galaxy cluster Abell 370. Abell 370 is one of the very first galaxy clusters where astronomers observed the phenomenon of gravitational lensing, the warping of space - time by the cluster's gravitational field that distorts the light from galaxies lying far behind it. This is manifested as arcs and streaks in the picture, which are the stretched images of background galaxies. Gravitational lensing is a vital tool for astronomers when measuring the dark matter distributi

Galaxies clusters Abell 370 - Abell 370 cluster of galaxies with gravitational arcs - This cluster of galaxies is located about 5 billion years away from Earth. This image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope on July 16, 2009 shows gravitational arcs among galaxies. These mirages are deformed images of farther galaxies located behind the cluster. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope's newly repaired Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) has peered across almost five billion light - years to resolve intricate details in the galaxy cluster Abell 370. Abell 370 is one of the very first galaxy clusters where astronomers observed the phenomenon of gravitational lensing, the warping of space - time by the cluster's gravitational field that distorts the light from galaxies lying far behind it. This is manifested as arcs and streaks in the picture, which are the stretched images of background galaxies. Gravitational lensing is a vital tool for astronomers when measuring the dark matter distributi

PIX4565651

Abell 383 galaxy cluster and primitive galaxy - Abell 383 cluster of galaxies with gravitational arcs - Abell 383 is a cluster of galaxies located in the constellation Eridan. This image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in 2011 shows gravitational arcs among galaxies. These mirages are deformed images of farther galaxies located behind the cluster. Thanks to this magnifying effect, the resulting image revealed the presence of a primitive galaxy, nee 200 million years after the big blow. Astronomers have uncovered one of the youngest galaxies in the distant universe, with stars that formed 13.5 billion years ago, a mere 200 million years after the Big Bang. The finding addresses questions about when the first galaxies arose, and how the early universe evolved. Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope was the first to spot the newfound galaxy. Detailed observations from the W.M. Keck Observatory on Mauna Kea in Hawaii revealed the observed light dates to when the universe was only 950 m

Abell 383 galaxy cluster and primitive galaxy - Abell 383 cluster of galaxies with gravitational arcs - Abell 383 is a cluster of galaxies located in the constellation Eridan. This image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in 2011 shows gravitational arcs among galaxies. These mirages are deformed images of farther galaxies located behind the cluster. Thanks to this magnifying effect, the resulting image revealed the presence of a primitive galaxy, nee 200 million years after the big blow. Astronomers have uncovered one of the youngest galaxies in the distant universe, with stars that formed 13.5 billion years ago, a mere 200 million years after the Big Bang. The finding addresses questions about when the first galaxies arose, and how the early universe evolved. Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope was the first to spot the newfound galaxy. Detailed observations from the W.M. Keck Observatory on Mauna Kea in Hawaii revealed the observed light dates to when the universe was only 950 m

PIX4565712

Abell 2218 galaxy cluster in the Dragon - Gravitational lenses in the galaxy cluster Abell 2218 - The Abell 2218 galaxy cluster is located about 2 billion years ago - light from Earth in the constellation of the Dragon. It is so massive that its gravity curved and amplifies the light from other galaxies located behind it. Thus, these galaxies appear on this cliche obtained by the Hubble space telescope in the form of arcs. Abell 2218 resides in the constellation Draco, some 2 billion light - years from Earth. The cluster is so massive that its enormous gravitational field deflects light rays passing through it, much as an optical lens bends light to form an image. This phenomenon, called gravitational lensing, magnifies, brightens, and distorts images from faraway objects. The cluster's magnifying powers provides a powerful “” zoom lens”” for viewing distant galaxies that could not normally be observed with the largest telescopes. This useful phenomenon has produced the arc - shaped pa

Abell 2218 galaxy cluster in the Dragon - Gravitational lenses in the galaxy cluster Abell 2218 - The Abell 2218 galaxy cluster is located about 2 billion years ago - light from Earth in the constellation of the Dragon. It is so massive that its gravity curved and amplifies the light from other galaxies located behind it. Thus, these galaxies appear on this cliche obtained by the Hubble space telescope in the form of arcs. Abell 2218 resides in the constellation Draco, some 2 billion light - years from Earth. The cluster is so massive that its enormous gravitational field deflects light rays passing through it, much as an optical lens bends light to form an image. This phenomenon, called gravitational lensing, magnifies, brightens, and distorts images from faraway objects. The cluster's magnifying powers provides a powerful “” zoom lens”” for viewing distant galaxies that could not normally be observed with the largest telescopes. This useful phenomenon has produced the arc - shaped pa

PIX4565631

Galaxy clusters LCDCS - 0829 - Galaxy cluster LCDCS - 0829 - Gravitational lenses in the galaxy cluster LCDCS - 0829. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope usually works as a solo artist to capture awe - inspiring images of the distant Universe. For this picture, though, Hubble had a helping hand from the subject of the image, a galaxy cluster called LCDCS - 0829, as the huge mass of the galaxies in the cluster acted like a giant magnifying glass. This strange effect is called gravitational lensing. The object was discovered during the Las Campanas Distant Clusters Survey, which explains the cluster's unusual name. This survey was carried out in March 1995 using a 1 - metre telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. More than one thousand clusters of galaxies, most of them previously unknown, were found in a dedicated survey of a long, but narrow, section of the southern sky. The bizarre phenomenon of gravitational lensing is a conse

Galaxy clusters LCDCS - 0829 - Galaxy cluster LCDCS - 0829 - Gravitational lenses in the galaxy cluster LCDCS - 0829. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope usually works as a solo artist to capture awe - inspiring images of the distant Universe. For this picture, though, Hubble had a helping hand from the subject of the image, a galaxy cluster called LCDCS - 0829, as the huge mass of the galaxies in the cluster acted like a giant magnifying glass. This strange effect is called gravitational lensing. The object was discovered during the Las Campanas Distant Clusters Survey, which explains the cluster's unusual name. This survey was carried out in March 1995 using a 1 - metre telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. More than one thousand clusters of galaxies, most of them previously unknown, were found in a dedicated survey of a long, but narrow, section of the southern sky. The bizarre phenomenon of gravitational lensing is a conse

PIX4565707

Galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 - Galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 - View of the galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 visible. This cluster located approximately 5.4 billion years ago - light from the Earth in the constellation of the Coach, is the result of the collision of three clusters of galaxies. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope. This picture shows a region where three galaxy clusters are merging and releasing enormous amounts of energy in the form of X - rays. These distant objects are around 5.4 billion light - years from Earth, in the constellation of Auriga and were imaged during the Massive Cluster Survey, a project to study distant clusters of galaxies using Hubble. The amount of mass in this sea of galaxies is huge, and is great enough to visibly bend the fabric of spacetime. The strange distortion in the shapes of many of the galaxies in this picture, which appear stretched and bent as if they were looked at through a glass bottle, is a result of gravitational le

Galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 - Galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 - View of the galaxy cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 visible. This cluster located approximately 5.4 billion years ago - light from the Earth in the constellation of the Coach, is the result of the collision of three clusters of galaxies. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope. This picture shows a region where three galaxy clusters are merging and releasing enormous amounts of energy in the form of X - rays. These distant objects are around 5.4 billion light - years from Earth, in the constellation of Auriga and were imaged during the Massive Cluster Survey, a project to study distant clusters of galaxies using Hubble. The amount of mass in this sea of galaxies is huge, and is great enough to visibly bend the fabric of spacetime. The strange distortion in the shapes of many of the galaxies in this picture, which appear stretched and bent as if they were looked at through a glass bottle, is a result of gravitational le

PIX4565703

Abell 1689 galaxy cluster and black matter - Dark matter in Abell 1689 galaxy cluster - View of black matter (purple) in Abell 1689 galaxy cluster. The image shows, by a gravitational mirage effect, the deformed image of many galaxies located behind the cluster. Abell 1689 is about 2.2 billion light years away in the constellation Virgo. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope. This is the Hubble Space Telescope image of the inner region of Abell 1689, an immense cluster of galaxies located 2.2 billion light - years away in Virgo constellation. Dark matter in the cluster is mapped by plotting the plethora of arcs produced by the light from background galaxies that is warped by the foreground club's gravitational field. Dark matter cannot be photographed, but its distribution is shown in the blue overlay. The dark matter concentration and distribution is then used to better understand the nature of dark energy, a pressure that is accelerating the expansion of the universe. The imag

Abell 1689 galaxy cluster and black matter - Dark matter in Abell 1689 galaxy cluster - View of black matter (purple) in Abell 1689 galaxy cluster. The image shows, by a gravitational mirage effect, the deformed image of many galaxies located behind the cluster. Abell 1689 is about 2.2 billion light years away in the constellation Virgo. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope. This is the Hubble Space Telescope image of the inner region of Abell 1689, an immense cluster of galaxies located 2.2 billion light - years away in Virgo constellation. Dark matter in the cluster is mapped by plotting the plethora of arcs produced by the light from background galaxies that is warped by the foreground club's gravitational field. Dark matter cannot be photographed, but its distribution is shown in the blue overlay. The dark matter concentration and distribution is then used to better understand the nature of dark energy, a pressure that is accelerating the expansion of the universe. The imag

PIX4565622

Clusters of distant galaxies RDCS1252.9 - 2927 - Distant galaxy cluster RDCS1252.9 - 2927 - This cluster of galaxies is 9 billion years old - light in the constellation Hydra, and is the most massive known to date. It probably contains several thousand galaxies. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope and the VLT. The image shows the entire galaxy cluster (1/15 of a degree, corresponding to about 7 million light - years, across). The cluster probably contains many thousands of galaxies. Most of the other galaxies in the image, including most of the blue galaxies, are foreground or background galaxies. The image, which is made with an additional infrared exposure taken with the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, shows mature galaxies in a massive cluster that existed when the cosmos was 5000 million years old. The cluster, called RDCS1252.9 - 2927, is as massive as '300 trillion' suns and is the most massive known cluster for its epoch. Dominating the core are a

Clusters of distant galaxies RDCS1252.9 - 2927 - Distant galaxy cluster RDCS1252.9 - 2927 - This cluster of galaxies is 9 billion years old - light in the constellation Hydra, and is the most massive known to date. It probably contains several thousand galaxies. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope and the VLT. The image shows the entire galaxy cluster (1/15 of a degree, corresponding to about 7 million light - years, across). The cluster probably contains many thousands of galaxies. Most of the other galaxies in the image, including most of the blue galaxies, are foreground or background galaxies. The image, which is made with an additional infrared exposure taken with the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, shows mature galaxies in a massive cluster that existed when the cosmos was 5000 million years old. The cluster, called RDCS1252.9 - 2927, is as massive as '300 trillion' suns and is the most massive known cluster for its epoch. Dominating the core are a

PIX4565578

Galaxy clusters Abell 370 - Abell 370 cluster of galaxies with gravitational arcs - This galaxy cluster is located about 4 billion light years from Earth in the constellation of the Whale. This image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope shows gravitational arcs among galaxies. These mirages are deformed images of farther galaxies located behind the cluster. The galaxy cluster Abell 370 contains an astounding assortment of several hundred galaxies tied together by the mutual pull of gravity

Galaxy clusters Abell 370 - Abell 370 cluster of galaxies with gravitational arcs - This galaxy cluster is located about 4 billion light years from Earth in the constellation of the Whale. This image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope shows gravitational arcs among galaxies. These mirages are deformed images of farther galaxies located behind the cluster. The galaxy cluster Abell 370 contains an astounding assortment of several hundred galaxies tied together by the mutual pull of gravity

PIX4565672

Cl0024+17 galaxy cluster Cl0024+17 - Galaxy cluster Cl0024+17 - Cl0024+17 galaxy cluster located about 5 billion years ago - light in the constellation Pisces. This image reveals to us, by a gravitational mirage effect, the deformed image of a galaxy, located behind the cluster at a distance of about 10 billion years - light from the Earth. By studying this gravitational mirage, astronomers discovered the presence of black matter around this cluster. Image obtained by the Hubble space telescope in November 2004 with the ACS camera. An international team of astronomers using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has discovered a ghostly ring of dark matter that was formed long ago during a titanic collision between two massive galaxy clusters. It is the first time that a dark matter distribution has been found that differs substantially from the distribution of ordinary matter. This image shows the galaxy cluster Cl 0024+17 (ZWCl 0024+1652) located at about 5 billion light - years as seen

Cl0024+17 galaxy cluster Cl0024+17 - Galaxy cluster Cl0024+17 - Cl0024+17 galaxy cluster located about 5 billion years ago - light in the constellation Pisces. This image reveals to us, by a gravitational mirage effect, the deformed image of a galaxy, located behind the cluster at a distance of about 10 billion years - light from the Earth. By studying this gravitational mirage, astronomers discovered the presence of black matter around this cluster. Image obtained by the Hubble space telescope in November 2004 with the ACS camera. An international team of astronomers using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has discovered a ghostly ring of dark matter that was formed long ago during a titanic collision between two massive galaxy clusters. It is the first time that a dark matter distribution has been found that differs substantially from the distribution of ordinary matter. This image shows the galaxy cluster Cl 0024+17 (ZWCl 0024+1652) located at about 5 billion light - years as seen

PIX4565685

Galaxy cluster Abell 2667 - Galaxy cluster Abell 2667 - In this image of the galaxy cluster Abell 2667, a spiral galaxy, at the top left of the image, seems to leave a trail of gas and stars in its wake. Attracted by the high gravity of Abell 2667, this “galaxy - comete” plunges into the cluster at a speed of 3.5 million km/h, losing its gas and young stars. This phenomene may explain the presence of isolated stars in the centre of galaxy clusters. On the right, a further galaxy appears as a gravitational arc. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in October 2001. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, in collaboration with several other ground - and space - based telescopes, has captured a galaxy being ripped apart by a galaxy cluster's gravitational field and harsh environment. The finding sheds light on the mysterious process by which gas - rich spiral - shaped galaxies might evolve into gas - poor irregular - or elliptical - shaped galaxies over billions of years. The new obse

Galaxy cluster Abell 2667 - Galaxy cluster Abell 2667 - In this image of the galaxy cluster Abell 2667, a spiral galaxy, at the top left of the image, seems to leave a trail of gas and stars in its wake. Attracted by the high gravity of Abell 2667, this “galaxy - comete” plunges into the cluster at a speed of 3.5 million km/h, losing its gas and young stars. This phenomene may explain the presence of isolated stars in the centre of galaxy clusters. On the right, a further galaxy appears as a gravitational arc. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in October 2001. The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, in collaboration with several other ground - and space - based telescopes, has captured a galaxy being ripped apart by a galaxy cluster's gravitational field and harsh environment. The finding sheds light on the mysterious process by which gas - rich spiral - shaped galaxies might evolve into gas - poor irregular - or elliptical - shaped galaxies over billions of years. The new obse

PIX4565700

Negative of the 1919 Solar Eclipse, Brasil (b/w photo)

Negative of the 1919 Solar Eclipse, Brasil (b/w photo)

Eddington, Arthur Stanley (1882-1944)

XOS5669882

Galaxy UGC 10214 in the Dragon - Galaxy UGC 10214 in Draco - The galaxy UGC 10214 is about 420 million years away - light from Earth. The shape of this galaxy is due to a collision with another galaxy, the small galaxy, blue, visible in the upper left corner of the image. Powerful gravitational forces are responsible for the formation of the tail, consisting of stars of dust and gas, which stretches over nearly 28,000 light years and is composed of recently formed and extremely bright blue stars. In the background, more than 6000 galaxies are visible, some more than 12 billion years apart - light. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in April 2002. This picture of the galaxy UGC 10214 was taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), which was installed aboard Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope in March during Servicing Mission 3B. Its distorted shape was caused by a small interloper, a very blue, compact galaxy visible in the upper left corner of the more massive Tadpole. The Tad

Galaxy UGC 10214 in the Dragon - Galaxy UGC 10214 in Draco - The galaxy UGC 10214 is about 420 million years away - light from Earth. The shape of this galaxy is due to a collision with another galaxy, the small galaxy, blue, visible in the upper left corner of the image. Powerful gravitational forces are responsible for the formation of the tail, consisting of stars of dust and gas, which stretches over nearly 28,000 light years and is composed of recently formed and extremely bright blue stars. In the background, more than 6000 galaxies are visible, some more than 12 billion years apart - light. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in April 2002. This picture of the galaxy UGC 10214 was taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), which was installed aboard Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope in March during Servicing Mission 3B. Its distorted shape was caused by a small interloper, a very blue, compact galaxy visible in the upper left corner of the more massive Tadpole. The Tad

PIX4613581

Galaxy UGC 10214 in the Dragon - Galaxy UGC 10214 in Draco - The galaxy UGC 10214 is about 420 million years away - light from Earth. The shape of this galaxy is due to a collision with another galaxy, the small galaxy, blue, visible in the upper left corner of the image. Powerful gravitational forces are responsible for the formation of the tail, consisting of stars of dust and gas, which stretches over nearly 28,000 light years and is composed of recently formed and extremely bright blue stars. In the background, more than 6000 galaxies are visible, some more than 12 billion years apart - light. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in April 2002. This picture of the galaxy UGC 10214 was taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), which was installed aboard Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope in March during Servicing Mission 3B. Its distorted shape was caused by a small interloper, a very blue, compact galaxy visible in the upper left corner of the more massive Tadpole. The Tad

Galaxy UGC 10214 in the Dragon - Galaxy UGC 10214 in Draco - The galaxy UGC 10214 is about 420 million years away - light from Earth. The shape of this galaxy is due to a collision with another galaxy, the small galaxy, blue, visible in the upper left corner of the image. Powerful gravitational forces are responsible for the formation of the tail, consisting of stars of dust and gas, which stretches over nearly 28,000 light years and is composed of recently formed and extremely bright blue stars. In the background, more than 6000 galaxies are visible, some more than 12 billion years apart - light. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in April 2002. This picture of the galaxy UGC 10214 was taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), which was installed aboard Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope in March during Servicing Mission 3B. Its distorted shape was caused by a small interloper, a very blue, compact galaxy visible in the upper left corner of the more massive Tadpole. The Tad

PIX4613605

Artist's view of an astronaut falling into a black hole, illustrating the spaghettification or vertical stretching of thin and long objects in a strong gravitational field, resulting from extreme maree force.

Artist's view of an astronaut falling into a black hole, illustrating the spaghettification or vertical stretching of thin and long objects in a strong gravitational field, resulting from extreme maree force.

Miller, Ron (b.1947)

PIX4584591

Astronaut on the surface of an asteroid - Artist view - Astronaut on asteroid's surface - Artist view - Artist view of an astronaut evoluting with difficulty on the surface of a small asteroid whose gravitational field is irregular

Astronaut on the surface of an asteroid - Artist view - Astronaut on asteroid's surface - Artist view - Artist view of an astronaut evoluting with difficulty on the surface of a small asteroid whose gravitational field is irregular

Dixon, Don (b.1951)

PIX4640689

Stellar black hole - Artist view - Stellar black hole - Artist view - A stellar black hole is born from the gravitational collapse of a massive star. The stellar black holes have a mass of some solar masses. A black hole is a region of space whose gravitation is so strong that it will prevent any form of material or radiation from escaping. A stellar black hole is a black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a massive star; it is also a region of space in which the gravitational field is so powerful that nothing can escape

Stellar black hole - Artist view - Stellar black hole - Artist view - A stellar black hole is born from the gravitational collapse of a massive star. The stellar black holes have a mass of some solar masses. A black hole is a region of space whose gravitation is so strong that it will prevent any form of material or radiation from escaping. A stellar black hole is a black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a massive star; it is also a region of space in which the gravitational field is so powerful that nothing can escape

P. Carril

PIX4584774

Stellar black hole - Artist view - Stellar black hole - Artist view - A stellar black hole is born from the gravitational collapse of a massive star. The stellar black holes have a mass of some solar masses. A black hole is a region of space whose gravitation is so strong that it will prevent any form of material or radiation from escaping. A stellar black hole is a black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a massive star; it is also a region of space in which the gravitational field is so powerful that nothing can escape

Stellar black hole - Artist view - Stellar black hole - Artist view - A stellar black hole is born from the gravitational collapse of a massive star. The stellar black holes have a mass of some solar masses. A black hole is a region of space whose gravitation is so strong that it will prevent any form of material or radiation from escaping. A stellar black hole is a black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a massive star; it is also a region of space in which the gravitational field is so powerful that nothing can escape

P. Carril

PIX4584755

White Dwarf star Sirius B, c 2000

White Dwarf star Sirius B, c 2000

UIS5104162

The long fall into a black hole - Illustration - The long fall into a black hole - Illustration - Artist's view of an astronaut falling into a black hole, illustrating the spaghettification or vertical stretching of thin and long objects in a strong gravitational field, resulting from extreme maree force.

The long fall into a black hole - Illustration - The long fall into a black hole - Illustration - Artist's view of an astronaut falling into a black hole, illustrating the spaghettification or vertical stretching of thin and long objects in a strong gravitational field, resulting from extreme maree force.

Miller, Ron (b.1947)

PIX4945143

Satellite GOCE - Artist view - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

Satellite GOCE - Artist view - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

PIX4644143

Satellite GOCE - Artist view - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

Satellite GOCE - Artist view - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

PIX4644152

Satellite GOCE - Artist view - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

Satellite GOCE - Artist view - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

PIX4644128

Satellite GOCE - Artist view - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

Satellite GOCE - Artist view - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

PIX4644136

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

P. Carril

PIX4644109

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

P. Carril

PIX4644100

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

P. Carril

PIX4644106

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in orbit around the Earth. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE in Earth orbit. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

P. Carril

PIX4644095

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE put into orbit by a Rockot rocket - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE put into orbit by a Rockot rocket. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) was launched on 17 March 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE launched by a Rockot launcher. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and was launched on March 17, 2009

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE put into orbit by a Rockot rocket - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE put into orbit by a Rockot rocket. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) was launched on 17 March 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE launched by a Rockot launcher. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and was launched on March 17, 2009

P. Carril

PIX4644117

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE put into orbit by a Rockot rocket - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE put into orbit by a Rockot rocket. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE launched by a Rockot launcher. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

Artist view of the European satellite GOCE put into orbit by a Rockot rocket - GOCE satellite - Artist view - Artist view of the European satellite GOCE put into orbit by a Rockot rocket. GoCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) is expected to be launched in 2009. Artist view of the European satellite GOCE launched by a Rockot launcher. GOCE (Gravity - Field and Steady - State Ocean Circulation Explorer) aims to measure the Earth's gravitational field and is scheduled in 2009

P. Carril

PIX4644127

Galaxies UGC 1810 and UGC 1813 in Andromede - Galaxies UGC 1810 and UGC 1813 in Andromeda - These two interacting galaxies also called Arp 273 are located about 340 million years ago - light from Earth in the constellation Andromede. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), December 17, 2010. These galaxies also cataloged as Arp 273 lie at a distance of about 340 million light - years. Their distorted appearance is due to gravitational tides as the pair engage in close encounters. The larger of the spiral galaxies, known as UGC 1810, has a disk that is distorted into a rose - like shape by the gravitational tidal pull of the companion galaxy below it, known as UGC 1813. This image is a composite of Hubble Wide Field Camera 3 data taken on December 17, 2010, with three separate filters that allow a broad range of wavelengths covering the ultraviolet, blue, and red portions of the spectrum

Galaxies UGC 1810 and UGC 1813 in Andromede - Galaxies UGC 1810 and UGC 1813 in Andromeda - These two interacting galaxies also called Arp 273 are located about 340 million years ago - light from Earth in the constellation Andromede. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), December 17, 2010. These galaxies also cataloged as Arp 273 lie at a distance of about 340 million light - years. Their distorted appearance is due to gravitational tides as the pair engage in close encounters. The larger of the spiral galaxies, known as UGC 1810, has a disk that is distorted into a rose - like shape by the gravitational tidal pull of the companion galaxy below it, known as UGC 1813. This image is a composite of Hubble Wide Field Camera 3 data taken on December 17, 2010, with three separate filters that allow a broad range of wavelengths covering the ultraviolet, blue, and red portions of the spectrum

PIX4613762

Galaxy clusters Abell 2744 - This image of the galaxy cluster Abell 2744 located in the constellation of the Sculptor, reveals several hundred galaxies within this cluster, aged 3.5 billion years. By a gravitational lens effect, nearly 3000 galaxies are also visible. Composite of visible and near-infrared images obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Abell 2744, located in the constellation Sculptor, appears in the foreground of this image. It contains several hundred galaxies as they looked 3.5 billion years ago. The immense gravity in Abell 2744 acts as a gravitational lens to warp space and brighten and magnify images of nearly 3,000 distant background galaxies. The more distant galaxies appear as they did longer than 12 billion years ago, not long after the big bangs. This image is part of an unprecedented long - distance view of the universe from an ambitious collaborative project among the NASA Great Observatories called The Frontier Fields. Over the next several years sel

Galaxy clusters Abell 2744 - This image of the galaxy cluster Abell 2744 located in the constellation of the Sculptor, reveals several hundred galaxies within this cluster, aged 3.5 billion years. By a gravitational lens effect, nearly 3000 galaxies are also visible. Composite of visible and near-infrared images obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Abell 2744, located in the constellation Sculptor, appears in the foreground of this image. It contains several hundred galaxies as they looked 3.5 billion years ago. The immense gravity in Abell 2744 acts as a gravitational lens to warp space and brighten and magnify images of nearly 3,000 distant background galaxies. The more distant galaxies appear as they did longer than 12 billion years ago, not long after the big bangs. This image is part of an unprecedented long - distance view of the universe from an ambitious collaborative project among the NASA Great Observatories called The Frontier Fields. Over the next several years sel

PIX4565741

Phobos mission approaching Phobos - The control module in approach to the Phobos satellite. The command module, now free of the larger Phobos mission rocket, begins a close approach to Phobos. With an average diameter of less than 12 miles, irregularly shaped Phobos has a very weak gravitational field making it relatively easy for the command module to come very close without being drawn all the way to its surface. The goal is to come close enough to permit space-suited astrogeologists equipped with personal manned maneuvering units (MMUS) to act as mini-spaceships themselves and descend to the surface. On the surface of Mars to the right can be seen Elysium Planitia and the volcano Albor Tholus

Phobos mission approaching Phobos - The control module in approach to the Phobos satellite. The command module, now free of the larger Phobos mission rocket, begins a close approach to Phobos. With an average diameter of less than 12 miles, irregularly shaped Phobos has a very weak gravitational field making it relatively easy for the command module to come very close without being drawn all the way to its surface. The goal is to come close enough to permit space-suited astrogeologists equipped with personal manned maneuvering units (MMUS) to act as mini-spaceships themselves and descend to the surface. On the surface of Mars to the right can be seen Elysium Planitia and the volcano Albor Tholus

Walter B Myers

PIX4639650

Interacting spiral galaxies Arp 87 - Interacting galaxies Arp 87 - This pair of interaction galaxies called Arp 87 is composed of the galaxy NGC 3808, on the right, and its companion NGC 3808A. Both are spiral galaxies. An arm of NGC 3808, consisting of dust, gas and stars, envelops his companion. The interaction of these galaxies causes intense star formation. Arp 87 is located 300 million light years from Earth in the constellation Lion. This image was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in February 2007. Arp 87 is a stunning pair of interacting galaxies. Stars, gas, and dust flow from the large spiral galaxy, NGC 3808, forming an enveloping arm around its companion. The shapes of both galaxies have been distorted by their gravitational interaction. Arp 87 is located in the constellation of Leo, the Lion, approximately 300 million light - years away from Earth. Arp 87 appears in ARP's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. As also seen in similar interacting galaxies, the corkscrew shape of the

Interacting spiral galaxies Arp 87 - Interacting galaxies Arp 87 - This pair of interaction galaxies called Arp 87 is composed of the galaxy NGC 3808, on the right, and its companion NGC 3808A. Both are spiral galaxies. An arm of NGC 3808, consisting of dust, gas and stars, envelops his companion. The interaction of these galaxies causes intense star formation. Arp 87 is located 300 million light years from Earth in the constellation Lion. This image was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in February 2007. Arp 87 is a stunning pair of interacting galaxies. Stars, gas, and dust flow from the large spiral galaxy, NGC 3808, forming an enveloping arm around its companion. The shapes of both galaxies have been distorted by their gravitational interaction. Arp 87 is located in the constellation of Leo, the Lion, approximately 300 million light - years away from Earth. Arp 87 appears in ARP's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. As also seen in similar interacting galaxies, the corkscrew shape of the

PIX4610957

Spiral galaxy NGC 908 in the Whale - Spiral galaxy NGC 908 in Cetus - NGC 908 is about 65 million years away - light from Earth. This galaxy undergoes a star-forming flames; clusters of young and massive stars are visible in the spiral arms. It is 75,000 years long - light years long and its shape suggests that it is subject to the gravitational influence of another galaxy yet unidentified. NGC 908 is a starburst galaxy, one that is undergoing a period of intense star formation. This is why it has numerous clumps of bright stars in its spiral arms and appears so bright on this photograph. It is also asymmetrical, with a peculiar split in the spiral arm on the left (eastern) side of the galaxy. Both these characteristics usually mean the galaxy has been disturbed by some massive intruder, usually another galaxy, but none is evident on the photograph or in the wider field around NGC 908

Spiral galaxy NGC 908 in the Whale - Spiral galaxy NGC 908 in Cetus - NGC 908 is about 65 million years away - light from Earth. This galaxy undergoes a star-forming flames; clusters of young and massive stars are visible in the spiral arms. It is 75,000 years long - light years long and its shape suggests that it is subject to the gravitational influence of another galaxy yet unidentified. NGC 908 is a starburst galaxy, one that is undergoing a period of intense star formation. This is why it has numerous clumps of bright stars in its spiral arms and appears so bright on this photograph. It is also asymmetrical, with a peculiar split in the spiral arm on the left (eastern) side of the galaxy. Both these characteristics usually mean the galaxy has been disturbed by some massive intruder, usually another galaxy, but none is evident on the photograph or in the wider field around NGC 908

PIX4609525

Galaxies NGC 3718 in the Great Bear - Galaxy NGC 3718 in Ursa Major - NGC 3718 (Arp 214) is a special galaxy located about 42 million years ago - light from the Earth in the constellation Big Bear. It's an active nucleus galaxy. Its tormented form is probably due to the attraction exerted by another galaxy, NGC 3729 (off-field). On the right, Arp 322 (or Hickson 56), is a group of 5 galaxies far farther away, located about 300 million years from Earth. NGC 3718 (Arp 214) seems to have a rudimentary bar and spiral structure although it is recognized as a peculiar galaxy and as such is listed within ARP's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. NGC 3718 contains an active galactic nucleus (AGN) and is known as a Seyfert type 1.9 galaxy. Its strange shape is probably due to a gravitational interaction with its companion NGC 3729 (out of field). A grouping of 5 background galaxies 300 million light years distant are projected at right of NGC 3718 and are designated Arp 322 (also Hickson 56). Several m

Galaxies NGC 3718 in the Great Bear - Galaxy NGC 3718 in Ursa Major - NGC 3718 (Arp 214) is a special galaxy located about 42 million years ago - light from the Earth in the constellation Big Bear. It's an active nucleus galaxy. Its tormented form is probably due to the attraction exerted by another galaxy, NGC 3729 (off-field). On the right, Arp 322 (or Hickson 56), is a group of 5 galaxies far farther away, located about 300 million years from Earth. NGC 3718 (Arp 214) seems to have a rudimentary bar and spiral structure although it is recognized as a peculiar galaxy and as such is listed within ARP's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies. NGC 3718 contains an active galactic nucleus (AGN) and is known as a Seyfert type 1.9 galaxy. Its strange shape is probably due to a gravitational interaction with its companion NGC 3729 (out of field). A grouping of 5 background galaxies 300 million light years distant are projected at right of NGC 3718 and are designated Arp 322 (also Hickson 56). Several m

Jim Misti

PIX4610955

Globular cluster M54 in Sagittarius - Globular cluster M54 in Sagittarius - The globular cluster M54 photographed by the Hubble space telescope (HST). M54 resides about 90,000 light years from Earth, in the dwarf galaxy of Sagittarius. The object shown in this beautiful Hubble image, dubbed Messier 54, could be just another globular cluster, but this dense and faint group of stars was in fact the first globular cluster found that is outside our galaxy. Discovered by the famous astronomer Charles Messier in 1778, Messier 54 belongs to a satellite of the Milky Way called the Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy. Messier had no idea of the significance of his discovery at the time, and it wasn't until over two centuries later, in 1994, that astronomers found Messier 54 to be part of the miniature galaxy and not our own. Current estimates indicate that the Sagittarius dwarf, and hence the cluster, is situated almost 90 000 light - years away - - more than three times as far from the centre

Globular cluster M54 in Sagittarius - Globular cluster M54 in Sagittarius - The globular cluster M54 photographed by the Hubble space telescope (HST). M54 resides about 90,000 light years from Earth, in the dwarf galaxy of Sagittarius. The object shown in this beautiful Hubble image, dubbed Messier 54, could be just another globular cluster, but this dense and faint group of stars was in fact the first globular cluster found that is outside our galaxy. Discovered by the famous astronomer Charles Messier in 1778, Messier 54 belongs to a satellite of the Milky Way called the Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy. Messier had no idea of the significance of his discovery at the time, and it wasn't until over two centuries later, in 1994, that astronomers found Messier 54 to be part of the miniature galaxy and not our own. Current estimates indicate that the Sagittarius dwarf, and hence the cluster, is situated almost 90 000 light - years away - - more than three times as far from the centre

PIX4565011

Planetary Nebula Hen - 1357 dans l'Altar/HST - This Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 image captures the infancy of the Stingray nebula (Hen - 1357), the youngest known planetary nebula. In this image, the bright central star is in the middle of the green ring of gas. Its companion star is diagonally above it at 10 o'clock. A spur of gas (green) is forming a faint bridge to the companion star due to gravitational attraction. The image also shows a ring of gas (green) surrounding the central star, with bubbles of gas to the lower left and upper right of the ring. The wind of material propelled by radiation from the hot central star has created enough pressure to blow open holes in the ends of the bubbles, allowing gas to escape. The red curved lines represent bright gas that is heated by a “” shock””” caused when the central star's wind hits the walls of the bubbles. The nebula is as large as 130 solar systems, but, at its distance of 18,000 light - years, it appears only as big as a di

Planetary Nebula Hen - 1357 dans l'Altar/HST - This Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 image captures the infancy of the Stingray nebula (Hen - 1357), the youngest known planetary nebula. In this image, the bright central star is in the middle of the green ring of gas. Its companion star is diagonally above it at 10 o'clock. A spur of gas (green) is forming a faint bridge to the companion star due to gravitational attraction. The image also shows a ring of gas (green) surrounding the central star, with bubbles of gas to the lower left and upper right of the ring. The wind of material propelled by radiation from the hot central star has created enough pressure to blow open holes in the ends of the bubbles, allowing gas to escape. The red curved lines represent bright gas that is heated by a “” shock””” caused when the central star's wind hits the walls of the bubbles. The nebula is as large as 130 solar systems, but, at its distance of 18,000 light - years, it appears only as big as a di

PIX4623698

Interacting galaxies NGC 4038 - 4039 in the Raven - The Antennae galaxy in Corvus - On the left, seen from the ground of the galaxy NGC 4038 - 39 (antenna galaxy), located about 45 million years ago - light. These two galaxies are interacting. The collision started at least 100 million years ago causes intense star formation. On the right, the image made by the space telescope Hubble on 20 January 1996 shows in detail the nuclei of these two twin galaxies surrounded by young clusters of blue stars, more than 1000, made up of young and massive stars. At left, a ground - based telescopic view of the Antennae galaxies (known formally as NGC 4038/4039) - so named because a pair of long tails of luminous matter, formed by the gravitational tidal forces of their encounter, resemble an insect's antennae. The galaxies are located 45 million light - years away in the southern constellation Corvus. At right, the respective cores of the twin galaxies are the orange blobs, left and right of image

Interacting galaxies NGC 4038 - 4039 in the Raven - The Antennae galaxy in Corvus - On the left, seen from the ground of the galaxy NGC 4038 - 39 (antenna galaxy), located about 45 million years ago - light. These two galaxies are interacting. The collision started at least 100 million years ago causes intense star formation. On the right, the image made by the space telescope Hubble on 20 January 1996 shows in detail the nuclei of these two twin galaxies surrounded by young clusters of blue stars, more than 1000, made up of young and massive stars. At left, a ground - based telescopic view of the Antennae galaxies (known formally as NGC 4038/4039) - so named because a pair of long tails of luminous matter, formed by the gravitational tidal forces of their encounter, resemble an insect's antennae. The galaxies are located 45 million light - years away in the southern constellation Corvus. At right, the respective cores of the twin galaxies are the orange blobs, left and right of image

PIX4611051

Galaxies NGC 3718 and NGC 3729 in the Great Bear

Galaxies NGC 3718 and NGC 3729 in the Great Bear

Adam Block

PIX4611005

White dwarf and Neutron star: Artist's view of a neutron star that accumulates material from a white dwarf (right) in an accretion disc. Illustration of a neutron star in a binary system accumulating matter from its white dwarf companion in an accretion disk

White dwarf and Neutron star: Artist's view of a neutron star that accumulates material from a white dwarf (right) in an accretion disc. Illustration of a neutron star in a binary system accumulating matter from its white dwarf companion in an accretion disk

Miller, Ron (b.1947)

PIX4572790

Colliding galaxy Ngc 6745 in Lyra - Colliding galaxy NGC 6745 in Lyra - The spiral galaxy NGC 6745 is located about 206 million years away - light from Earth. This galaxy is double; a second galaxy at the bottom right of the image collides with it, causing star formation. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1996. A large spiral galaxy, with its nucleus still intact, peers at the smaller passing galaxy (almost out of the field of view at lower right). These galaxies did not merely interact gravitationally as they passed one another, they actually collided. When galaxies collide, the stars that normally comprise the major portion of the luminous mass of each of the two galaxies will almost never collide with each other but will pass rather freely between each other with little damage. This occurs because the physical size of individual stars is tiny compared to their typical separations, making the chance of physical encounter relatively small. In our own Milky Way galaxy, th

Colliding galaxy Ngc 6745 in Lyra - Colliding galaxy NGC 6745 in Lyra - The spiral galaxy NGC 6745 is located about 206 million years away - light from Earth. This galaxy is double; a second galaxy at the bottom right of the image collides with it, causing star formation. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1996. A large spiral galaxy, with its nucleus still intact, peers at the smaller passing galaxy (almost out of the field of view at lower right). These galaxies did not merely interact gravitationally as they passed one another, they actually collided. When galaxies collide, the stars that normally comprise the major portion of the luminous mass of each of the two galaxies will almost never collide with each other but will pass rather freely between each other with little damage. This occurs because the physical size of individual stars is tiny compared to their typical separations, making the chance of physical encounter relatively small. In our own Milky Way galaxy, th

PIX4612985

Galaxy AM 0644 - 741 in Flying Fish - Ring galaxy AM 0644 - 741 in Volans - The annular galaxy AM 0644 - 741 is about 300 million years away - light from Earth. A collision with another galaxy causes its ring shape. This ring extends over 150,000 years - light and is composed of recently formed and extremely bright blue stars. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in January 2004. This galaxy, cataloged as AM 0644 - 741, is a member of the class of so - called “” ring galaxies.”” It lies 300 million light - years away in the direction of the southern constellation Volans. Ring galaxies are an especially striking example of how collisions between galaxies can dramatically change their structure, while also triggering the formation of new stars. In the case of AM 0644 - 741, the galaxy that pierced through the ring galaxy is out of the image but visible in larger - field images. The soft spiral galaxy that is visible to the left of the ring galaxy in the image is a coincidental ba

Galaxy AM 0644 - 741 in Flying Fish - Ring galaxy AM 0644 - 741 in Volans - The annular galaxy AM 0644 - 741 is about 300 million years away - light from Earth. A collision with another galaxy causes its ring shape. This ring extends over 150,000 years - light and is composed of recently formed and extremely bright blue stars. Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope in January 2004. This galaxy, cataloged as AM 0644 - 741, is a member of the class of so - called “” ring galaxies.”” It lies 300 million light - years away in the direction of the southern constellation Volans. Ring galaxies are an especially striking example of how collisions between galaxies can dramatically change their structure, while also triggering the formation of new stars. In the case of AM 0644 - 741, the galaxy that pierced through the ring galaxy is out of the image but visible in larger - field images. The soft spiral galaxy that is visible to the left of the ring galaxy in the image is a coincidental ba

PIX4613542

Planetary nebula myCN18 dans la Mouche/HST - This is an image of MyCN18, a young planetary nebula located about 8,000 light - years away, taken with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) aboard Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This picture has been composed from three separate images taken in the light of ionized nitrogen (represented by red), hydrogen (green), and doubly - ionized oxygen (blue). The results are of great interest because they shed new light on the poorly understood ejection of stellar matter which accompanies the slow death of Sun - like stars. According to one theory for the formation of planetary nebulae, the hourglass shape is produced by the expansion of a fast stellar wind within a slowly expanding cloud which is more dense near its equator than near its poles. What appears as a bright elliptical ring in the center, and at first sight might be mistaken for an equatorially dense region, is seen on closer inspection to be a potato shaped structure with a

Planetary nebula myCN18 dans la Mouche/HST - This is an image of MyCN18, a young planetary nebula located about 8,000 light - years away, taken with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) aboard Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This picture has been composed from three separate images taken in the light of ionized nitrogen (represented by red), hydrogen (green), and doubly - ionized oxygen (blue). The results are of great interest because they shed new light on the poorly understood ejection of stellar matter which accompanies the slow death of Sun - like stars. According to one theory for the formation of planetary nebulae, the hourglass shape is produced by the expansion of a fast stellar wind within a slowly expanding cloud which is more dense near its equator than near its poles. What appears as a bright elliptical ring in the center, and at first sight might be mistaken for an equatorially dense region, is seen on closer inspection to be a potato shaped structure with a

PIX4623735

Barree spiral galaxy NGC 2146 in the Giraffe - Barred spiral galaxy NGC 2146 in Camelopardalis - NGC 2146 is a barree spiral galaxy located about 70 million years ago - light from Earth in the constellation Giraffe (Camelopardalis). Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). NGC 2146 is classified as a barred spiral due to its shape, but the most distinctive feature is the dusty spiral arm that has looped in front of the galaxy's core as seen from our perspective. The forces required to pull this structure out of its natural shape and twist it up to 45 degrees are colossal. The most likely explanation is that a neighbouring galaxy is gravitationally perturbing it and distorting the orbits of many of NGC 2146's stars. It is probable that we are currently witnessing the end stages of a process which has been occurring for tens of millions of years. NCG 2146 is undergoing intense bouts of star formation, to such an extent that it is referred to as a starburst galaxy. This is a co

Barree spiral galaxy NGC 2146 in the Giraffe - Barred spiral galaxy NGC 2146 in Camelopardalis - NGC 2146 is a barree spiral galaxy located about 70 million years ago - light from Earth in the constellation Giraffe (Camelopardalis). Image obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). NGC 2146 is classified as a barred spiral due to its shape, but the most distinctive feature is the dusty spiral arm that has looped in front of the galaxy's core as seen from our perspective. The forces required to pull this structure out of its natural shape and twist it up to 45 degrees are colossal. The most likely explanation is that a neighbouring galaxy is gravitationally perturbing it and distorting the orbits of many of NGC 2146's stars. It is probable that we are currently witnessing the end stages of a process which has been occurring for tens of millions of years. NCG 2146 is undergoing intense bouts of star formation, to such an extent that it is referred to as a starburst galaxy. This is a co

PIX4609999

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